Description
Different ways of fingering notes.
Notation
A verbal instruction in the music and a fingering diagram.
Comments
There is no need to specify fingerings normally, so the use of alternative fingerings is generally left to the player. Occasionally a composer will require a specific alternative fingering because of its timbral characteristics.
clip 1 - Alternative fingerings.
 Description
South American-style sound.
Notation
Normal notation, but with verbal instruction.
Comments
The end barrel is pulled out and the mouthpiece turned inwards towards the player. An interesting effect, but with little carrying power.
clip 1 - Low hoots.
 Description
Intervals smaller than a semitone.
Notation
Notation methods vary, but these examples are typical of quartertones and raised & lowered inflections.
Comment
Microtones are especially difficult on the piccolo, where the holes are entirely covered by keys. They are mostly produced using lip inflection.
clip 1 - Microtones.
 Description
Playing chords - more than one note at a time.
Notation
Write the bottom note of the chord and the word 'chord' above.
Comments
Occasionally composers write all the notes of the chord that they wish to hear and/or provide a fingering diagram.
clip 1 - Multiphonics.
 Description
Slapping instrument keys.
Notation
X-shaped noteheads and verbal instruction.
Comments
The larger the flute, the more effective and pitched the key slap.
clip 1 - Key slaps.
 Description
Blowing a very small amount of air into the flute.
Notation
Verbal instruction in the music.
Comments
Although this is a quiet and somewhat uncontrollable effect, it has more carrying power than might be supposed.
clip 1 - Whistle tones. |
